While some genes are directly associated with Alzheimer’s disease, developing early onset Alzheimer’s might also have to do with lifestyle factors.
Early onset (also called younger onset) Alzheimer’s disease can be
Having a risk gene for early onset Alzheimer’s increases your risk of developing the disease, but it doesn’t mean you will.
At least
Some genes are directly known to cause Alzheimer’s, called deterministic genes, including
- amyloid precursor protein (APP) on chromosome 21
- presenilin 1 (PSEN1) on chromosome 14
- presenilin 2 (PSEN2) on chromosome 1
Currently, a single test to determine if you have Alzheimer’s doesn’t exist, but genetic tests can help determine your risk.
Your doctor may also use medical tests, such as diagnostic tools, medical history, and neurological exams, to diagnose early onset Alzheimer’s disease.
Cognitive tests may also help with diagnosis.
Besides genetics and family history, other lifestyle risk factors can influence your risk of developing early onset Alzheimer’s disease. This
- chronic health issues, such as high blood pressure or hearing loss
- not getting enough physical activity
- an unbalanced diet
- substance use disorder
- smoking, if you currently smoke. Ask your doctor about smoking cessation programs if you’re trying to quit.
- insufficient or inadequate sleep, or sleep disorders
- social isolation
- lack of mental stimulation
Talk with your doctor if you have a family history of Alzheimer’s disease. They can help diagnose early onset Alzheimer’s, discuss what to expect, and connect you with support.
